| Questions 1 - 5 refer to the following article. The ancient temple of Angkor Wat is considered to be the largest religious structure in the world. The temple ruins are located deep in the Cambodian jungle, approximately 5.5 kilometers north of the modern town of Siem Reap. Today the site is one of Southeast Asia's primary tourist attractions, with over one million visitors per year. This influx of tourist dollars provides a significant contribution to the economy of Cambodia, one of the most impoverished nations in Asia. King Suryavarman II of the Khmer empire, one of the most prosperous dynasties in the history of Cambodia, gave orders to construct the main temple of Angkor Wat in the first half of the 12th century. Archaeologists believe that the structure served as the state temple and capital city of the empire. The Khmer rulers were followers of Hinduism, a religion imported from southern India, and the early temples of Angkor Wat conform to architectural standards common in India during this period. The carved reliefs adorning the temple walls depict elaborate scenes of wars from the period, as well as various gods and goddesses. The term 'Angkor Wat', meaning 'city temple', refers not only to the main temple complex, but also to the various other temples and structures built in the surrounding region over the course of several hundred years, from approximately the 8th to 13th centuries. Following the death of King Survayarman II, King Jayavarnam VII built nearby Angkor Thom and the Bayon, the latter temple of which is famous for it's hundreds of enormous carved stone faces looking out to the surrounding jungle. In the 13th century, King Srindravarman converted to Buddhism, a religion that the people of Cambodia still follow to this day, and the temples of Angkor Wat continue to be used as places of worship. Following the 13th century, the Khmer Civilization went into decline, and the buildings of Angkor Wat were neglected until French colonialists rediscovered and repaired them in the 19th century. Over 100 temples have been restored in the Angkor Wat region, and modern day tourists typically use up to three days just to take in all of the ruins. 古時廟宇吳哥窟是世界上最大的宗教性建築物. 這座寺廟遺跡座落於柬埔寨叢林的深處,約在現代都市'Siem Reap'的北邊5.5公里處. 現今,這個地點已成為東南亞旅遊重點之一. 每年有超過一百萬名觀光客到來. 此地的觀光收入是柬埔寨重要的經濟來源, 而柬埔寨則被評為是亞洲最窮困的國家. 柬埔寨史上最繁榮的朝代之一-Khmer(高棉)王朝的國王 Suryavarman二世在12世紀中時建造了吳哥窟中的第一座寺廟. 考古學家則相信這座廟宇被用來作為官方使用, 且王朝的首都也定都在此. Khmer(高棉)王朝的君王篤信來自印度南方的印度教. 所以吳哥窟早期的廟宇建築沿用當時印度建築的架構. 寺廟壁牆上的雕花詳細的描述了當時的戰爭場景以及各樣各似的神祇. '吳哥窟'的原義為'廟中城', 這個字不但用來代表某種廟宇的風格組合, 也用來代表了大約在第八至十三世紀這數百年間這地區所建造的各種寺廟的構造. 國王 Suryavarman二世死後, Jayavarnam 七世在附近建造另外兩座廟宇, Angkor Thom and the Bayon. 這兩座寺廟有名之處在於其壁牆上數百個面向四周叢林深處的巨大雕刻石面. 十三世紀時, 國王 Srindravarman 改信佛教. 現今的柬埔寨人民自此便也改信佛, 而這些原為印度教風格的吳哥窟廟依然延續當做佛教的祭拜處. 十三世紀後, Khmer (高棉)王朝開始衰落而這些也被世人遺忘, 一直到十九世紀法國殖民時代才被再次的開發和修建.目前在這個地區有超過100座吳哥窟廟宇, 而現今的旅客則需要至少三天的時間才能看完所有的寺廟. approximately adv. 大約的 primary adj 主要的 influx n 匯集 significant adj 重要的 impoverished adj 赤貧的 Archaeologists n. 考古學家 empire n 帝國 Hinduism n 印度教 architectural adj 建築的 (n) architecture 建築 (n) architect 建築師 depict v. 描寫,描畫 complex adj 複雜的 n 複合物 convert v (+to) 轉換 worship v 膜拜 civilization n 人類文明 neglect v. 忽視 colonialist n 殖民者 typically adv 典型地 take in 接受 take part in 參與= participate in I will take part in the festivities this weekend. 我會參加這個周末的節慶活動。 *take ? in hand 控制 ex. We will take the whole situation in hand. 我們控制了整個情況. adorn with 以?裝飾 ex. The room is adorned with flowers. 整個房間裝飾滿花. |
| Questions 6 - 8 refer to the following article. November 10, 2010 Knowledge Books 142 Main Street Hoboken, NJ 11435 U. S. A Ms. Mona Wong, Associate Director Wei & Co. Suite 14, Number 24, Section 2, Zhongxiao E. Road Taipei, Taiwan Dear Ms. Wong, Thank you for your letter inquiring about our discount price for English language teachers. Normally, our company provides a flat discount rate to English teachers, regardless of the quantity of books they request. The rate is generally from 15% to 20%. However, your case is special, because of the large quantity (1,000 books) of your purchase. After talking this matter over with our sales manager, our company is pleased to offer you a discount of 25%. Each book costs approximately 40 US dollars. Therefore, the price of 1,000 books with a twenty-five discount will be US $30,000. The books would be delivered to your school location within two weeks of your transfer and order being placed. . Moreover, our company offers guaranteed delivery, and the cargo insurance will be covered by us for each shipment. No extra charges will be added to any of your orders. I hope this information is helpful for making your purchasing decision. We look forward to hearing from you soon. Meanwhile, if you have any more questions, please contact me directly on my extension, 1290. I would be glad to be of help. Sincerely, Juliana Silver Marketing and Sales Manager 知識圖書 美國紐澤西洲Hoboken市緬因街142號 Mona Wong小姐 魏怡文教有限公司 台灣台北市忠孝東路2段24號14室 敬愛的王小姐: 謝謝你的來信詢問本公司對於英語教學教師所提供的特價活動. 一般而言, 本公司提供英語老師的訂單折扣是根據訂單的數量來決定的. 訂單的折扣從85折到8折不等. 但您的訂單較為特別, 因為您的訂單數量為1000本. 在與公司的銷售部經理討論之後, 本公司很樂意為王小姐提供七五折的優惠. 公司單書的訂價大約在40塊美金上下不等. 因此, 您1000本書的訂單打七五折之後總價為3萬美金. 您的訂單和轉賬款項將會已您會員卡正面的帳號來確定生效, 程序確定後兩個星期內商品便會送達至您的學校. 此外, 本公司對每筆貨品運送都已加以投保. 您不需再另外負擔貨物保險部份. 希望信中所提供的訊息對您來說很有幫助, 也期待你的回信. 倘若你尚有對本公司或商品任何的疑問, 請直接與我連絡. 我的分機號碼是110. 我會很樂意的為您服務. 順頌 Juliana Silver 銷售部經理 section n. 段 invoice n. 發票 suite n.室 inquire v. 詢問 flat n. 一般價格 rate n. 比率, 價目 request n/v 請求 quantity n. 數量 ( quality n. 品質) approximately adv. 大約, 大概 discount n. 折扣 transfer n./v. 轉賬, 轉送 moreover adv. 此外 normally adv. 通常, 一般而言 insurance n. 保險 delivery n. 運送 deliver v. 運送 partnership n. 合夥, 合作 regardless of + N/ Ving 不管, 不顧 ex. Regardless of the danger, she still climbed up the mountain peak. 不顧危險, 她還登上頂峰. look forward to + Ving 期盼(= expect to) ex. He looks forward to her return from study abroad. 他期盼著她學成歸國. regard to 問候, 注意 ex. Please give my best regard to your boss. 請代我問候您的老闆. according to 根據, 取決於 ex. According to the weather report, there will be a storm coming tomorrow. 根據天氣預報, 明天會有暴風來襲. |
| Questions 9 - 12 refer to the following article. The Japanese have long been admired for their good health and longevity, and Okinawans top the list in both. Known as the 'longevity island', Okinawa is home to the world's best-known concentration of centenarians. Research since 1976 shows that not only do citizens surpass international longevity standards, but also disease-free aging norms. Data from well-documented studies reveals that contributing factors to Okinawans' longevity include their low-stress lifestyle and balanced, nutrient-rich diet. They consume a large amount of soy products and fish with a variety of seasonal vegetables and adequate amount of fats. The study participants were found to have notably low cholesterol and clean arteries, which prevents them from acquiring heart diseases and cancer. Studies have also pointed out that frequent overeating can contribute to a decreased lifespan. The feeling of being 80 percent full is sufficient and a lot better than feeling stuffed after a meal. The publishing of these studies has attracted world attention to the Okinawan's low-stress lifestyle, proper diet, and practice of daily physical activity, and how these factors can contribute to increased life expectancy. The elders on the island are motivated by a spirit of independence and constant exercise. They believe that sufficient exercise can stimulate their energy and reinforce a sense of social connection. Occasionally, they also exercise in the evening to relieve the day's tension and to gain better rest at night. Over 80 percent of the elderly enjoy living alone or with their spouse only, as opposed to the traditional extended family. Impressively, they are able to maintain relaxed lifestyles, seldom requiring hospitals or nursing homes. In addition, the majority of healthy centenarians are socially involved. They experience strong family bonding and community support from those around them. 日本人長久以來一直因為長壽和身體健康這兩個原因而被讚賞, 而沖繩島民則因為這兩點而榮登寶座. '長壽島' 沖繩是世界知名的人瑞聚集地. 自1976年起, 研究報導便指出島上的居民不但遠遠超越過國際長壽標準值, 而且還能夠毫無病痛的變老. 資料充足的研究報導指出沖繩人長壽的原因來自於他們的低壓生活形態以及均衡且營養豐富的飲食. 他們食用相大量的黃豆製品, 魚類, 各類蔬果及適量的油脂. 參加研究的人員被發現有非常少量的膽固醇和暢通無阻的管動脈. 這樣的情形大大的減少了心臟疾病及癌症的發生機率. 研究內容更指出過於頻繁的大吃大喝也會減短壽命. 8分飽就已經足夠,不需要每每都要飽餐一頓. 研究報告的刊出吸引了全世界對沖繩島民的低壓生活, 適當飲食, 日常活動以及這些因素是如何影響長壽的注意力. 島嶼上的老人家因獨力自足的精神不間斷的運動. 他們相信充足的運動量能夠刺激身體的活力更可加強社交精神. 有時候, 島民也會在晚間運動來消除白天的壓力更可以讓他們晚上睡得更好. 島上有超過八成的老年人比較喜歡獨居或是和老伴相依為命的生活, 而不是三代同堂. 令人訝異的是他們能夠維持這樣愜意的生活之外, 身體健康還不需要醫院或是安養院特別的照料. 除此之外, 絕大部份健康的百歲人瑞社交生活卻是很活躍的. 不論是自家的家庭或是與社區的聯繫對他們而言都是很重要的. longevity n 長壽 centenarian n 百歲 norms n 基準, 定額 reveal v 展現 soy n 大豆 cholesterol n. 膽固醇 frequent adj 頻繁的 lifespan n 壽命 publishing n 出版社 constant adj 持續的 spouse n 配偶 motivate v 給…動機 (n) motivation 動機 stimulate v 刺激 (n) stimulation 刺激 consume v 消費 (n) consumer 消費者 notable=remarkable adj. 顯著的 traditional extend family 三代同堂 family bonding 家庭情感 contribute v 貢獻 (+to/toward) concentration n 專心, 集中, 濃度 (v) concentrate on+ N. 專心於… participant n 參與者 (v) take participate in 參與 = take part in = join in adequate adj. 適當的, 足夠的 adequate to +V/ for +N artery n. 動脈/ vein n. 靜脈 expectancy n 預期 (v) expect to +V/ that +子句 (進行式用法) 懷孕 ex. Jen is expecting. Jen懷孕了 |
| Questions 13 - 17 refer to the following article. As we enter the 2nd decade of the 21st century, the earth's fragile environment continues to be the subject of intense debate throughout the world. Global population growth rates continue to exceed death rates, and so it is anticipated that the number of human beings on our planet will be increased by 2.2 billion in the next 30-40 years, bringing the total world population to a staggering 9 billion people. As a result, issues such as pollution, availability of resources, disease and virus outbreaks, natural disasters, war and conflict, and global warming are going to become increasingly important, and could very well threaten our survival as a species. Scientists continue to uncover more and more details about the environment of our planet. Various ideas, concepts, and forms of action have been proposed to save the natural landscape in which we live. These forms of action could be divided into two types. The first one is at the organized, large-scale level. Government policies, international treaties and agreements, national recycling programs, laws forbidding destructive acts, and the work of non-governmental organizations such as Greenpeace and the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) could fall into this category. The second type of action is at the individual, everyday level of every human being on the planet. In this regard, we are all directly responsible for the wellbeing of the planet in the manner that we live our daily lives. Simple choices that we make without even thinking about it can built up and have a profound impact on the world in which we live. There are few laws or restrictions for many of these things, so it is up to individual resolve to make changes in our own lifestyles and levels of consumption. Perhaps governments and organizations can encourage and inform the public, but at the end of the day, the future of our planet might just require a dramatic change to the wasteful habits and choices of normal people throughout the world. Some specific examples could include taking the bus or riding a bicycle instead of driving, avoiding the use of plastic bags, purchasing food and other goods that come in less packaging, buying organic products and recycling whenever possible, using less meat and other products that take up large amounts of land space to produce, not wasting electricity and water and in a more general sense, being more aware of when we are wasting or consuming more than we need to. 正當人類踏入21世紀的第二十年,地球脆弱的生態環境成為全球持續討論的熱門話題. 全球人口增加率超過死亡率, 在接下來的30到40年之間, 人口總數預期會多22億人. 全球人口總數會到達驚人的90億. 因此, 污染, 資源短缺, 爆發性病毒疾病, 天災, 人禍以及全球暖化的發生大大的威脅了人類的生存. 科學家持續的發表更多的與全球環境有關的訊息. 人們不斷的提出各種不同的保育訊息, 觀念和行動. 這些行動被一分為二. 第一種為大規模的組織行動, 像是政府政策,國際協定, 國家資源回收計畫, 法律限制和非政府組織行動. 這些非政府組織像是綠色和平組織以及世界動物保育協會. 第二種則在於地球上每人每天的環保行動被視作地球上每個人類的責任. 即使是我們每天無意識所做的事也會為我們所生活的地球帶來深深的影響. 目前我們只有少數的法律規條來限制所有的事情, 所以大部份取決於個人決心來為我們的生活和消費形態做改變. 也許政府組織能夠鼓勵並且不斷的告知大眾,但事實上, 地球的未來取決於人類徹底的改變我們浪費的習慣和一般人的的選擇. 比較具體的行動像是搭公車或是騎腳踏車而不開車, 避免使用塑膠袋, 購買包裝簡單的商品和有機商品, 任何時候都別忘記要資源回收, 少吃肉, 少用其他需要使用大面積的土地來製造的產品, 不浪費電和水, 且最重要的是,隨時注意任何浪費的情況發生. fragile adj 脆弱的 exceed v 超過 staggering adj 驚人的,難以相信的 intense adj 強烈的 specific adj 具體的 organic adj 有機的 individual n 個體的, 個人的 wellbeing n 人類 profound adj 深切的,深奧的 restriction n 限制 consumption n 消耗量 impact n 影響 (+on) anticipate v 預期(+Ving) outbreak n. 爆發 (of +N) inform v 通知 (+of) dramatic adj 戲劇性的 concept n 概念,思想 destructive adj 毀滅性的 scale n 規模 forbidding adj 令人討厭的 category n 種類 |
| Questions 18 - 20 refer to the following article. The United Nation has ranked all the buildings in the world according to height and released the following list, which includes the rank, name of the buildings, height, country, number of floors and the year of completion. Please take a look at the list and answer the questions below.  聯合國以高度為世界上所有的建築物做一個評等, 然後公佈以下這張表格. 表格中包括了等級, 建築物名稱, 高度, 國家, 樓層數以及完成年. 請參照以下表格並回答下列問題.  rank n 等級 compile v 匯編, 收集(資料) infer v 推論 contender n (冠軍) 競爭者 |
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