Caretaker speech is used quite unconsciously; few people actually study __(1)__ to simplify language when speaking to younger children. However, without thinking, a caretaker finds ways to reduce the __(2)__ of language __(3)__ communicate effectively with young kids. Caretaker speech tends to be speech with short and __(4)__ words and sentences. Caretaker speech also serves the significant function of allowing young children to acquire language more easily. Then, __(5)__ a child's speech develops, caretakers tend to adjust their language __(6)__ the child's improved language skills. Parents __(7)__ adjust their speech to a level that is slightly above __(8)__ of a younger child. Without recognizing what they are doing, the caretakers will speak in one way to a one-year-old and in a more complex way as the child reaches the age of two or three.
照顧者的說話方式通常是非常無意識的進行。有一些人在與孩童對話時，會學習如何簡化語言。然而，為了能與孩童有效的溝通，照顧者通常會在未經思考的情況下找到方式來簡化語言的複雜性。照顧者的說話方式傾向於使用簡短的單字及句子。此外，照顧者的說話方式亦在幫助孩童學習語言上，扮演重要的功能。再者，隨著孩童的語言能力發展，照顧者也會因應孩童進階的語言能力而調整他們的說話方式。父母通常會根據孩童的語言能力，固定的調整他們的說話方式，通常會比孩童本身的語言能力稍為高一些。照顧者通常會在不了解他們自己的行為下，對ㄧ歲小孩有一種說話方式，然後當小孩成長至二或三歲後，使用較為複雜的說話方式。 |
The origins of chess are not known with __(9)__. One legend claims that chess was __(10)___ during the Trojan Wars __(11)__ another legend said that chess was the creation of the mythical Arab philosopher Sassa. __(12)__ its origins, chess was known to exist in India __(13)__ 500 B.C., and it eventually spread from India _(14)__ Persia. Foot soldiers in the Persian army were __(15)__ piyadah, which then became the pawns of today's game. The Persian king was the shah, which also evolved into the name chess. Shahmat, which means 'the king is dead' became the expression checkmate. 西洋棋的由來並不是很清楚。有一傳言為西洋棋是在特洛伊戰爭中發明的，而另一傳言說西洋棋是阿拉伯哲學家Sassa創造的。無論他的由來為何，西洋棋是在西元前500年在印度開始傳出的，並且最後由印度傳播至波斯。波斯軍隊裡的步兵被稱為Piyadah，之後成為今天遊戲中的人質的角色。波斯國王稱為shah,這個名字也發展成今日西洋棋遊戲中的名稱。而Shahmat，指的是「國王死亡」，也演變成西洋棋中「將死」的表達方式。 |
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